A Legal History of Land Acquisition in India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.017Keywords:
Development-induced Displacement, Forced Migration, Internal Displacement Land AcquisitionAbstract
Development-induced displacement (DID) significantly dominates the problem of internal displacement in India. It occurs when people are forced to leave their habitat to implement large-scale infrastructural projects. Some 10 million people worldwide are displaced or resettled every year due to development projects, with the largest share of displacement due to the construction of dams, urbanization and mining. It has been regarded as ‘the youngest type of involuntary migration.’
In India, the problem of development-induced displacement is quite historical. However, it was only during the British period that the development-induced displacement started gaining attention. This paper seeks to discover the roots of development-induced displacement in India in its pre and post-independent periods. It also discusses the development of various acts of land appropriation since the Company Raj till the present day to understand the patterns and nature of land acquisition and displacement.
References
Ananth, Venkat. “The Evolution of the Land Acquisition Act.” Mint. https://www.livemint.com/Politics/T2tN2OWzJIy9SuFgsGsmHN/The-evolution-of-the-Land-Acquisition-Act-from-1824-to-2015.html (January 27, 2021).
Arora, Simran. “Land Acquisition in India.” SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2906856 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2906856 (January 25, 2021).
Balaji, T. 2016. “Legal Protection of Development Induced Displaced Persons: A Study with Special Reference to India.” University of Madras.
Bandyopadhyay, Rekha. 1993. “Land System in India: A Historical Review.” Economic and Political Weekly 28(52): A-151.
BBC. “Viewpoint: Britain Must Pay Reparations to India.” https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-33618621 (January 25, 2021).
DNA. 2021. “PSUs: Modern Industrial Temples of India.” https://www.dnaindia.com/special-features/report-psus-modern-industrial-temples-of-india-1296571 (January 27, 2021).
Frontline. “Architect of Modern India.” https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/article25402011.ece (January 28, 2021).
Goswami, Amlanjyoti. 2017. Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement: Laws and Policies. Mysore: Indian Institute for Human Settlement.
Government of India. Jawaharlal Nehru’s Speeches, Volume 3. New Delhi: Publications Division, GOI.
Holmes, Thomas R. 1988. A History of the Indian Mutiny: And of the Disturbances Which Accompanied It Among the Civil Population. London: W. H. Allen.
IGNOU. 2017. Development and Displacement in India: A Historical Perspective. New Delhi: IGNOU. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/26068.
Mankodi, Kashyap. 1989. “Displacement and Relocation: Problems and Prospects.” In Development, Displacement and Rehabilitation: Issues for a National Debate, eds. Walter Fernandes and E. Ganguly Thukral. New Delhi: Indian Social Institute, 135–63.
Naoroji, Dadabhai. 1901. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India. London: S. Sonnenschein.
Negi, Nalini S., and Sujata Ganguly. 2011. Development Projects vs. Internally Displaced Populations in India: A Literature Based Appraisal. Bielefeld: COMCAD.
Pandey, Balaji, and Binaya K. Rout. 2004. Development Induced Displacement in India: Impact on Women Development Induced Displacement of Women. New Delhi: National Commission for Women.
Parasuraman, S. 1999. The Development Dilemma: Displacement in India. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.
Priyadarshini, S. 2021. “Provisions of the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793.” History Discussion. https://www.historydiscussion.net/history-of-india/provisions-of-the-permanent-settlement-act-of-1793/2557 (January 27, 2021).
Sahu, Mrutuyanjaya. 2010. “Politics of Development, Displacement and Reconstruction: A Comparative Study of Upper Indravati Hydro-Electric and Utkal Aluminium International Limited Projects in Orissa.” University of Hyderabad.
Sarkar, P. K. 2007. P. K. , Law of Acquisition of Land in India. 2nd ed. Kolkata: Eastern Law House.
Somayaji, Sakarama. 2009. Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development: Some Perspectives from India. Mithapur: Energy and Resources Institute.
Swamy, Raju N. 2011. “Development-Induced Displacement: The Case of Moolampilly.” The Indian Journal of Political Science 7(1): 154.
Vyasulu, Vinod. 1998. “The South Asian Model.” In Colonialism to Globalisation: Five Centuries After Vasco Da Gama, New Delhi: Indian Social Institute, 154.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).