RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm <p>RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary (RRIJM) is an international Double-blind peer-reviewed [refereed] open access online journal. Too often a journal’s decision to publish a paper is dominated by what the editor/s think is interesting and will gain greater readership-both of which are subjective judgments and lead to decisions which are frustrating and delay the publication of your work. RRIJM will rigorously peer-review your submissions and publish all papers that are judged to be technically sound. Judgments about the importance of any particular paper are then made after publication by the readership (who are the most qualified to determine what is of interest to them).</p> <p>Most conventional journals publish papers from tightly defined subject areas, making it more difficult for readers from other disciplines to read them. RRIJM has no such barriers, which helps your research reach the entire scientific community.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Title: </strong>RESEARCH REVIEW International Multidisciplinary Research Journal</li> <li>ISSN: <strong>2455-3085 (Online)</strong></li> <li><strong>Impact Factor: 6.849</strong></li> <li>Crossref DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm"><strong>10.31305/rrijm</strong></a></li> <li>Frequency of Publication: <strong>Monthly</strong> [12 issues per year]</li> <li>Languages: <strong>English/Hindi/Gujarat</strong> [Multiple Languages]</li> <li>Accessibility: <strong>Open Access</strong></li> <li><strong>Peer Review Process: </strong>Double Blind Peer Review Process</li> <li><strong>Subject: </strong>Multidisciplinary</li> <li><strong>Plagiarism Checker: </strong>Turnitin (License)</li> <li><strong>Publication Format: </strong>Online</li> <li><strong>Contact No.: </strong>+91- 99784 40833</li> <li><strong>Email: </strong>editor@rrjournals.com</li> <li><strong>Old Website: <a href="https://old.rrjournals.com/">https://old.rrjournals.com/</a></strong></li> <li><strong>New Website: <a href="https://rrjournals.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://rrjournals.com/ </a></strong></li> <li><strong>Address: </strong>15, Kalyan Nagar, Shahpur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380001</li> </ul> <p><strong>Key Features of RRIJM</strong></p> <ul> <li>Journal was listed in <strong>UGC</strong> with <a href="https://www.ugc.ac.in/pdfnews/5283580_UGC-Cancelled-List.pdf"><strong>Journal No. 44945 (Till 14-06-2019)</strong></a></li> <li>Journal Publishes online every month</li> <li>Online article submission</li> <li>Standard peer review process</li> </ul> RR Publication en-US RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 2455-3085 <p>This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"> Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).</a></p> Concept of freedom in terms of Amartya Sen http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm/article/view/915 <p>Freedom is an important concept of political philosophy and ethics. In this article, an attempt has been made to know the concept of freedom given by Amarty Sen. How his concept of freedom is different from prevailing other definitions of freedom and why we should accept it, is shown here in this article. Sen put emphasis on basic two aspect of freedom: Opportunity and Functioning. Sen tries to explain in detail the concept of opportunity. Sen considers opportunity as the freedom to get what we want to get. It has its intrinsic value, according to Sen. Sen explains freedom in the light of his theory of capability and considers capability as Freedom. Sen draw our attention towards the role of freedom which are Constitutive Freedom and Instrumental Freedom. According to Sen, Constitutive Freedom is the first and foremost aim of development and Instrumental Freedom as a means to achieve that aim. He describes five forms of instrumental form freedom. Through this article, we will understand a very new and unique concept and role of freedom.</p> <p><strong>Abstract in Gujarati Language:</strong></p> <p>સ્વતંત્રતા એ એક રાજનીતિક તત્ત્વજ્ઞાન અને નીતિશાસ્ત્રની મહત્ત્વની સંકલ્પના છે. પ્રસ્તુત લેખમાં અમર્ત્ય સેનની સ્વતંત્રતા અંગેની વિભાવના જણાવવાનો પ્રયાસ કર્યો છે. તેઓની સ્વતંત્રતા અંગેની વિભાવના અન્ય પ્રચલિત વિભાવના કરતાં કઈ રીતે અલગ છે અને આપણે શા માટે તેને સ્વીકારવી જોઈએ તેની મુખ્યત્વે વાત આ લેખમાં કરેલ છે. સેન સ્વતંત્રતાના બે મુખ્ય પાસા એક <em>'</em>તક<em>' </em>અને બીજું <em>'</em>પ્રક્રિયા<em>' </em>પર ભાર મુકે છે. સેન <em>'</em>તક<em>'</em>ને વધારે વિસ્તૃત અર્થમાં સમજાવવાનો પ્રયાસ કરે છે. તકને સેન જે મેળવવા માંગીયે છીયે તે મેળવવા માટેની સ્વતંત્રતા તરીકે લેખાવે છે. તેઓ તકની સ્વતંત્રતાને સ્વતંત્રતાનું આંતરીક મુલ્ય માને છે.&nbsp; સેન સ્વતંત્રતાને પોતાના ક્ષમતા અભિગમને આધારે સમજાવે છે તથા ક્ષમતાને સ્વતંત્રતાનું જ એક પાસું ગણાવે છે. સેન સ્વતંત્રતાની ભુમિકાઓ તરફ આપણું ધ્યાન ખેંચે છે<em>, </em>જે છે મૂળભૂત સ્વતંત્રતા (Constitutive Freedom<em>) </em>અને સાધન સ્વરૂપ ભૂમિકા (Instrumental freedom<em>). </em>મૂળભૂત સ્વતંત્રતાને સેન વિકાસનું પ્રાથમિક ધ્યેય માને છે જ્યારે સાધન સ્વરૂપ સ્વતંત્રતાને વિકાસનું મુખ્ય સાધન માને છે. સાધન સ્વરૂપ સ્વતંત્રતાના સેન પાંચ સ્વરૂપોનું આપણી સામે વર્ણન કરે છે. આ લેખથી આપણે સ્વતંત્રતાની એક નવી જ અને અનોખી ભૂમિકાને સમજવા સક્ષમ બનીશું.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> સ્વતંત્રતા, ક્ષમતા, તક, પ્રક્રિયા, પસંદગી. નિષ્પન્ન પરિણામ, વાસ્તવિક સ્વતંત્રતા, હકદારી, સુવિધાઓ</p> Bipinkumar M. Vaniya Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-11-14 2023-11-14 8 11 01 09 10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.001 Cultural identity of Gujarat: Bhavaivesh http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm/article/view/916 <p>Bhavai is a unique folk drama of Gujarat. To create human’s inner life as well as to reveal our creation in the art form should be our goal of life. The impact of Muslim ruler is seen on Bhavai Vesha. In Bhavai, there are religious drama, drama regarding specific characteristics of various cast, drama on social issues, dramas of kings’ life etc. By this veshas of various types, various social stages, various casts systmes are perform in order to give ordinary people the knowledge, education as well as entertainment. Thus, Bhavai is woven with all folk life’s braces. Still moving with its own uniqueness in the society. In this article, an attempt has been made to explain the concept of total positive unity of human personality as a social being.</p> <p><strong>Abstract in Gujarati Language:</strong></p> <p>ભવાઈએ ગુજરાતનું અનોખું લોકનાટ્ય છે. મનુષ્યના આંતર જીવનનું સર્જન કરવાનો તેમ જ સર્જનને સુંદર તથા કલામય સ્વરૂપમાં પ્રગટ કરવાનો આપણો ઉદેશ હોવો જોઈએ. ભવાઈ વેશોમાં મુસ્લિમ રાજ્ય શાસનની અસર જોવા મળે છે. ભવાઈમાં ધાર્મિક વેશો<em>, </em>વિવિધ કોમોની ખાસિયતોને વર્ણવી લેતા વેશો<em>, </em>સામાજિક વેશો<em>, </em>રાજવીઓને લગતા વેશો પણ એમાં જોવા મળે છે. આવા ભિન્ન પ્રકારના<em>, </em>વિભિન્ન સ્તરના<em>, </em>ભિન્ન ભિન્ન કોમોને&nbsp; આવરી લેતાં વેશો દ્વારા લોકોને જ્ઞાન<em>, </em>શિક્ષણ અને મનોરંજન પૂરું પાડવામાં આવતું. આમ<em>, </em>ભવાઈ લોકજીવનના તાણાવાણા સાથે વણાઈ ગઈ હતી અને પોતાની અનોખી છાપ સાથે મુક્ત પણે વિહરતી હતી. પ્રસ્તુત લેખમાં ભવાઇના ભાવાત્મય ઐક્યના ખ્યાલને સમજાવવાનો પ્રયત્ન કર્યો છે.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> ભવાઈ<em>, </em>અસાઇત<em>, </em>વેશો<em>, </em>મનોરંજન<em>, </em>રૂઢિઓ<em>, </em>બંધનો<em>, </em>વહેમો<em>, </em>કુરિવાજો<em>, </em>શિક્ષણ<em>, </em>સમાજ સુધારણા<em>, </em>લોક જાગૃતિ</p> Mehta Malka Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-11-14 2023-11-14 8 11 10 14 10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.002 Indian concept of Beauty http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm/article/view/917 <p>In Indian aesthetics, an Art is the achievement of the goal of Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha and Artistic perfection and entertainment are the motive or purpose of life. Bliss is the highest motive of an art. Main arts are considered as Five: 1. Literature, 2. Music, 3. Painting, 4. Sculpture and 5. Architect. An art is a means to connect human hearts. The bliss of beauty is the bliss of love. The substratum as Female Deity (Devi) of Beauty is devoted to Truth (Satyam), Auspiciousness (Shivam) and Beauty (Sundaram). The Sadhana of Satyam, Shivam and Sundaram is the only life to be lived. The nature of self and God is Satyam, Shivam and Sundaram. An art creates the live universe of Truth and Beauty. In this article this type of very wide and universal concept of Art is explained according to Indian perspective.</p> <p><strong>Abstract in Gujarati Language:</strong></p> <p>ભારતીય સાહિત્યમીમાંસામાં કાવ્ય વગેરે કલાને ધર્મ<em>, </em>અર્થ<em>, </em>કામ અને મોક્ષની ધ્યેયરુપ&nbsp; પ્રાપ્તિ અને કલા નિપુણતા તથા મનોરંજનને પ્રયોજન ગણે છે. આનંદ એ કલાનું શ્રેષ્ઠ પ્રયોજન છે. પ્રમુખ કલાઓ પાંચ છે. (૧) સાહિત્ય (૨) સંગીત (૩) ચિત્ર (૪) શિલ્પ અને (૫) સ્થાપત્ય. કલા એ માનવ હૃદયોને જોડવાનું સાધન છે. સૌંદર્યનો આનંદ પ્રેમાનંદ છે. સૌંદર્યની અધિષ્ઠાત્રી દેવી એવી કલાઓ સત્ય<em>, </em>શિવત્વ<em>, </em>અને સૌંદર્યને વરેલી છે. <em>'</em>સત્યમ<em>, </em>શિવમ<em>, </em>સુન્દરમ<em>'</em>ની સાધના એ જીવન છે. આત્મા અને પરમાત્માનું સ્વરૂપ સત્યમય<em>, </em>શિવમય અને સૌંદર્યમય છે. કલા સત્ય અને સૌંદર્યની જીવંત સૃષ્ટિ સર્જે છે. પ્રસ્તુત લેખમાં ભારતીય વિચારધારા અનુસાર આવા કલાના વ્યાપક ખ્યાલને સમજાવવાનો પ્રયત્ન કર્યો છે.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> કલા<em>, </em>સૌંદર્ય<em>, </em>તત્ત્વ<em>, </em>રસ<em>, </em>પ્રેરણા<em>, </em>લય<em>, </em>પ્રકૃતિ<em>, </em>આનંદ<em>, </em>સ્વસ્તિ<em>, </em>સાંસ્કૃતિક<em>, </em>સત્યમ<em>, </em>શિવમ<em>, </em>સુંદરમ</p> Mousam Mehta Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-11-14 2023-11-14 8 11 15 19 10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.003 Optimisation of rock mass quality parameters for the initial geotechnical investigation of a vertical shaft: Gosowong Gold Mine Project Case Study - North Halmahera http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm/article/view/918 <p>This article presents a case study that highlights the importance of a thorough geotechnical assessment at an early stage of project development. Shaft ventilation is one of the critical elements in underground mines, providing oxygen and ensuring air quality for breathing, removing noxious gases from equipment and explosions, reducing the natural temperature of the rock, and more, so stability analysis is required for design and strategy prior to shaft opening. Through extensive field surveys, drilling and laboratory testing, the project team has gathered data to assess rock quality parameters, including rock strength, geological structure and hydrogeological characteristics. The McCracken and Stacey (MS) method is one such empirical approach to assist shaft development risk assessment. The results of this analysis allowed the identification of potentially unstable zones. It was concluded that 45% of the planned ventilation shafts have stability problems due to rock mass variations. The risk value of the shaft development plan was obtained with a high failure risk of 25%, a medium failure risk of 33% and a low failure risk of 42% based on the raise bore quality index (QR).</p> Dadang Firmansyah Didi S. Agustawijaya Suryawan Murtiadi Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-11-14 2023-11-14 8 11 20 26 10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.004 An Investigative Account of Psychological differences among Sexes http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm/article/view/920 <p>The unique capability of human beings is that they think and act. So much so behavior varies with situations. It is also a fact that each individual reacts differently to a given situation. Behavior depends on the transactions taking place in the mind of the individual. It is the outcome of the interplay of stimulus – a matter that needs to be addressed, perception – the way it is taken, cognition – the way it is understood, and response – the characteristic reaction. Psychology denotes the mental makeup. It is the sum of the structure and organization of thoughts and choice of involuntary action at the mental plane. Although influenced by early experiences, genetic differences, and grooming, there is a predictable pattern of composite feelings, thoughts, and emotions that characterize the psychology of a person. This despite, a person’s sex has a great role in contributing to the development of psychology. Men and women are not only physically and biologically different, they are psychologically different too. In other words the broad pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving that differentiates men and women into two distinct psychological categories, is their sex and associated physical bodily differences, social role differences, gender differences, biological differences, and emotional differences. This study is an attempt to explore these differences that make them differ psychologically. In this paper, the term psychology is treated as the structure and composition of the human mind and the dynamics acting on it.</p> Suresh Kumar P.M Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-11-14 2023-11-14 8 11 27 31 10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.005 Approaches to Tribal Development Models in India: Its Implications and Prospects http://www.rrjournals.com/index.php/rrijm/article/view/921 <p>Tribal development models in India have evolved in response to the changing socio-economic, cultural, and political landscapes. This paper provides an overview of the various approaches employed to address the developmental needs of tribal communities and their implications. The study examines isolationist, assimilation, welfare, protective, integrated, empowerment, and inclusive growth approaches, analyzing their strengths and limitations. Drawing from historical context and contemporary perspectives, the paper discusses the implications of these approaches on tribal identity, cultural preservation, livelihoods, and social empowerment. Moreover, it highlights the prospects for more holistic and participatory models that recognize the unique needs of tribal populations while fostering sustainable development and preserving their heritage. By exploring the multifaceted nature of tribal development, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities in fostering the well-being of indigenous communities in India.</p> Purnima Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-11-14 2023-11-14 8 11 32 37 10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.006