RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary

Awareness of Right to Education Act 2009 among the Tribal Parents: A Study on Dakshin Dinajpur District

Mahua Sengupta, Dr. Pranab Barman — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The study aims to assess the awareness of the Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009 among parents in the community of tribal of Dakshin Dinajpur District. While the RTE Act empowers Indian students to access education despite various obstacles, its effectiveness relies on proper implementation, which hinges on increasing awareness. The researcher sampled 60 parents of primary school students from the tribal community in Dakshin Dinajpur District using a Descriptive Survey Method. The primary objective was to evaluate the level of awareness existing among the tribal parents regarding the RTE Act 2009. No noteworthy transformation in awareness-level between both male as well as female parents was revealed in the analysis. Additionally, there was no notable contrast in mean-scores between parents with educational qualifications up to Class VIII and those with qualifications above Class VIII regarding awareness of the RTE Act 2009.

Advances in Electrochemical Sensing of Depression Biomarker Serotonin: A Comprehensive Review

Shambhavi, Puja Priyadarshni, Nisha Kumari, Ratnesh Kumar — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The present review deals with detection of serotonin (5-HT) by electrochemical techniques using various modified electrodes. Serotonin is an important monoamine neurotransmitter, psychoactive agent, and bioactive component. Its detection has a very significant contribution in diagnosing and treating many neurological diseases. Electrochemical techniques provide simple, fast, high selective, sensitive, reproducible, and the low-cost method for the determination of 5-HT. We have extensively reviewed the recently developed approaches in which serotonin has been sensitively detected using modified electrodes even in the presence of interfering agents. The analytical characteristics such as linear range and detection limit on various modified electrode have been compared in the review.

Analysis of the representation of women's struggles for empowerment in the literature of Maitreyi Pushpa

Punam, Dr. Rajesh Kumar Sharma , Dr. Shivani Sharma — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Maitreyi Pushpa's literary works deeply depict the experiences, struggles and aspirations of women in the socio-cultural landscape of India. The objective of this research paper is to critically analyze how Maitreyi Pushpa represents the struggle for women's empowerment through her literary works. It highlights the nuanced portrayal of female characters in Maitreyi Pushpa's writings, exploring the multifaceted dimensions of their fight against patriarchy, social norms and institutional oppression. Based on feminist literary theory and post-colonial perspectives, the analysis examines how Maitreyi Pushpa's narratives reflect the realities of Indian women, particularly those from marginalized communities, who face gender inequality, discrimination and subordination. grapples with issues of. The representation of women's organization and resistance in Maitreyi Pushpa's works is central to the examination. Through vivid characterization and compelling storytelling, Maitreyi Pushpa highlights the courage, resilience and determination of her female characters as they overcome societal barriers and confront oppressive structures. These characters emerge as symbols of defiance and empowerment, inspiring readers to question existing power structures and advocate for gender justice.

Abstract in Hindi Language: मैत्रेयी पुष्पा की साहित्यिक कृतियाँ भारत के सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक परिदृश्य में महिलाओं के अनुभवों, संघर्षों और आकांक्षाओं का गहन चित्रण करती हैं। इस शोध पत्र का उद्देश्य आलोचनात्मक विश्लेषण करना है कि मैत्रेयी पुष्पा अपनी साहित्यिक रचनाओं के माध्यम से महिलाओं के सशक्तिकरण संघर्ष का प्रतिनिधित्व कैसे करती हैं। यह मैत्रेयी पुष्पा के लेखन में महिला पात्रों के सूक्ष्म चित्रण पर प्रकाश डालता है, पितृसत्ता, सामाजिक मानदंडों और संस्थागत उत्पीड़न के खिलाफ उनकी लड़ाई के बहुमुखी आयामों की खोज करता है। नारीवादी साहित्यिक सिद्धांत और उत्तर-औपनिवेशिक दृष्टिकोण पर आधारित, विश्लेषण इस बात की जांच करता है कि कैसे मैत्रेयी पुष्पा की कथाएं भारतीय महिलाओं की वास्तविकताओं को प्रतिबिंबित करती हैं, विशेष रूप से हाशिए पर रहने वाले समुदायों से, जो लैंगिक असमानता, भेदभाव और अधीनता के मुद्दों से जूझती हैं। मैत्रेयी पुष्पा के कार्यों में महिला संगठन और प्रतिरोध का प्रतिनिधित्व ही परीक्षा का केंद्र है। ज्वलंत चरित्र-चित्रण और सम्मोहक कहानी कहने के माध्यम से, मैत्रेयी पुष्पा अपनी महिला पात्रों के साहस, लचीलेपन और दृढ़ संकल्प को उजागर करती है क्योंकि वे सामाजिक बाधाओं से गुजरती हैं और दमनकारी संरचनाओं का सामना करती हैं। ये पात्र अवज्ञा और सशक्तिकरण के प्रतीक के रूप में उभरते हैं, जो पाठकों को मौजूदा सत्ता संरचनाओं पर सवाल उठाने और लैंगिक न्याय की वकालत करने के लिए प्रेरित करते हैं।

Keywords: साहित्यिक सिद्धांत, महिला सशक्तिकरण, नारीवादी साहित्य, सामाजिक बाधा, प्रतिनिधित्व, लैंगिक संघर्ष, भारतीय समाज।

A Role of Pressure Group in Vision india@2047

Dr. B.L Saini, Dr. Vikas Kumar Sharma, Sunil Kumar — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The presence of numerous pressure groups stands out as a significant driver of democracy in the contemporary political landscape. The term "pressure group" has gained widespread recognition, denoting any organized or unorganized collective employing various pressure tactics. Exploring the role of these groups in influencing governmental decisions is a relatively modern endeavor, with its roots traced back to Arthur F. Bentley's 1908 work "The Process of Government" and later expounded upon by David B. Truman in "The Governmental Process" of 1951. The mid-twentieth century witnessed a surge in scholarly interest regarding the impactful role pressure groups play in shaping government policies, spawning a plethora of studies in this domain. In the context of Indian democracy, pressure groups serve as conduits for translating group interests into governmental policies. Lobbying, mobilizing public opinion, campaigning, providing legislative counsel, endorsing candidates, and publishing viewpoints constitute the familiar arsenal of techniques employed by these groups to wield influence. Despite concerns over their potential to undermine national unity, pressure groups have become indispensable components in democratic governance. In India, pressure groups predominantly fall into two categories: those grounded in ethnic identities and those driven by economic or professional interests. Notably, contemporary trends indicate a constructive role played by pressure groups in formulating sound policies, contributing to India's envisioned trajectory towards becoming a developed nation by 2047.

Historical Developments, Challenges, Legal Rights, and Current Status of Transgender Communities in India

N. Pautunthang — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The presence of transgender groups in India holds considerable cultural and historical significance. Despite their longstanding presence in Indian society, comprehensive data on their socio-economic status remains scant, with the 2011 Indian Census marking a notable first step in enumerating the transgender population. This community grapples with multifaceted challenges, including familial rejection, limited educational and employment opportunities, and widespread discrimination. The prevailing social stigma and lack of acceptance often lead to exclusion from mainstream society, perpetuating cycles of poverty, illiteracy, and vulnerability. Addressing the complex challenges faced by transgender communities requires concerted efforts from policymakers, civil society, and the broader community to foster awareness, challenge societal norms, and implement inclusive policies that uphold their rights and dignity. Embracing diversity, promoting inclusivity, and fostering equitable opportunities are essential steps towards creating a society where transgender individuals can live with dignity, respect, and equal opportunities.

Recent Advances in Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors for Glyphosate Detection: A Review

Puja Priyadarshni, Shambhavi, Ratnesh Kumar, Nisha Kumari — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Glyphosate (GLY) is the most widely used organophosphorus pesticides globally with application in shielding crops against perennial and annual the weeds, domestic garden and agriculture. It is recognized for its toxicological harm and is implicated in potential connections with human carcinogenesis. Generally, glyphosate is considered to be less toxic but excessive use leads to pollute soil, food and water. Furthermore, it strongly effects the unicellular and multicellular organism. Therefore, there is urgent need to develop specific, accurate, online, and sensitive methods for detection of glyphosate. The present review is focused on recent advances in developing non-enzymatic sensors for glyphosate detection. Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors have emerged as promising alternatives for glyphosate detection, offering advantages such as high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response. The electrodes were modified with metals, carbon materials, metal organic framework and molecular imprinted polymers using various electrochemical techniques. Execution, benefits, linear range, detection limit and limitations of the modified sensors for determination of glyphosate are reviewed thoroughly.

Status of Poverty in India: A Study on State wise Analysis

Prasanta Barman — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Poverty in India is a multidimensional phenomenon involving the deprivation of basic needs. According to the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Agenda, the goal was to end poverty and zero hunger. However, poverty statistics also vary between states in India with some states having the lowest number of poverty and some states having the highest number of poverty. According to the Headcount Ratio 2022-23 MPI index report, population poverty was 24.85% in 2015-16 and 14.96% in 2019-21 across India (NITI Aayog, MPI Index, India, 2023). This study aims to understand the existence and state-wise variations of poverty in India. This study uses data collected from the Planning Commission of India's report, India's Headcount Ratio Intensity and MPI, NITI Aayog National Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023, and (NSSO) HCES: 2022-23 factsheet report on poverty statistics of various states and Union Territories of India and per capita monthly income of various states.

Risk Assessment of Mamak Dam Based on The ICOLD Modification Method and Risk Index Method

I Made Adhitya Wiarta, I Wayan Yasa, Hartana — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The Mamak Dam has the risk of damage and the need for evacuation at an extreme downstream level. Risk considerations are based on the potential natural disasters of the dam, the impact of dam failure, design loads, and safety coefficients. The Risk Index method results in a score with parameters such as spillway capacity adequacy, safety factor adequacy against slopes, disaster factor (hazard), and all parameters analyzed to determine the Dam Safety Index (Idam). The drawback of the Risk Index method is neglecting downstream failure analysis. The ICOLD modification method for parameters is the same as the Risk Index method, but the ICOLD method considers downstream analysis. The modification involves adding parameters, such as the condition of the dam slope cover layer, based on the Mamak Dam Large Inspection results. In the Risk Index method, the Idam calculation value is 262.5. The total risk index value for Mamak Dam is 51.73, with a dam safety value of 92.337. In the ICOLD method, the Idam calculation value is 245, with a total risk index value for Mamak Dam of 48.28 and a Dam Safety value of 92.848. Meanwhile, using the Modified ICOLD method, the Idam calculation value is 245, with a total risk index value for Mamak Dam of 49.93 and a Dam Safety value of 92.603. Based on these results, the Dam Safety value with the Modified ICOLD method has decreased but still falls within the satisfactory classification (>75). Therefore, it can be concluded that Mamak Dam is currently at a safe level against normal loads and extraordinary loads (design floods and design earthquakes).

Cultural and Lingual Diversity of North East India

Rini Mandal, Najmatunnessa Khatun, Dr Jayanta Mete — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Introduction- India is a nation rich in diversity, with the northeastern states being some of the most diverse regions. The diversity of ethnic groups, their customs, dialects, and religions, as well as the geographical and ecological qualities, all contribute to these states' uniqueness and make them multi-cultural regions. The research tried to draw attention to the distinctive qualities of these states. Objectives- To know and find out the cultural, lingual and other forms of diversity of the 8 states of the northeastern parts of India. Methodology- The study is conducted using secondary data which are collected from different journals, chapters of the book, and articles related to the northeastern parts of India. Conclusion- The diversity of the Northeastern region is successfully depicting the true essence of colourful India living in unity.

Translation Strategies and challenges for translating Maithili Idioms and Proverbs into English

Shailendra Kumar Mishra — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Translation of idioms and proverbs presents distinctive challenges due to their cultural and linguistic specificity, requiring strategies that go beyond literal translation to convey their intended meaning accurately. This study explores the translation strategies and challenges encountered in translating Maithili idioms and proverbs into English. Drawing from the Longman Dictionary of English Idioms and Larson's definition of idioms, present article highlights the significance of idiomatic expressions in preserving cultural shades and emotional connotations. Through an analysis of idiomatic expressions from Maithili literature and their English translations, the study examines the methods employed in translating these cultural artifacts. Utilizing Baker's framework, the article discusses various translation techniques and emphasizes the importance of context in conveying the essence of idiomatic expressions. The findings underscore the complexities involved in translating idioms, urging translators to prioritize conveying meaning over literal interpretation and to provide additional context when direct equivalence is lacking.

A review paper on driving forces behind webrooming behavior of consumers

Ms. Neha, Dr. Manoj Kumar — Mon, 29 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The paper provides a detailed understanding of webrooming, a popular shopping trend that resulted from the convergence of traditional and internet retail channels. The study aims to examine the primary factors influencing webrooming behavior of consumers. The set of articles for review were extracted from Google Scholar Database which were further reviewed with a qualitative approach. The findings of the review suggests that major drivers of webrooming behavior amongst all are consumer’s need to touch and feel the product, requirement of sales staff assistance, need of socialisation etc. The authors suggest that retailers should work on strategizing their business policies by keeping the identified drivers in mind so that webrooming can be combated to the maximum possible extent. The study also proposes potential research ideas that can help in better understanding of this newly emerged shopping trend.

Health Security of Unorganised Construction Workers Through Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY) Special reference to the Haldwani Development Block

Naveen Ram, Jitendra K. Lohani, Rajnish Pande — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Purpose of the study – This study explores the Ayushman Bharat Scheme (PM-JAY) in the Haldwani Development Block of Uttarakhand, focusing on awareness, utilization, and impact among unorganized construction workers. It also assesses the scheme's accessibility in rural and urban areas within the study area. Design/methodology/approach – The present study is based on descriptive and analytical research design. The cross-sectional study was conducted within the rural and urban parts of the study area. The study is based on primary data and the data was collected through a close-ended interview schedule with the sample size of N = 384, which is determined through William Cochran’s methods for infinite population size. Statistical tool – Descriptive statistics has been used for summarizing the result of the study and in the inferential statistics Spearmen’s rank correlation, Chi-Square, one sample t-test and Likert Scale Analysis have been used. Conclusion - The study reveals that in the case of awareness, the schemes were successful but there is substantial gaps exist in the utilization of Ayushman Bharat Schemes (PM-JAY) among the unorganised construction workers. The researcher found a weak negative correlation coefficient between the level of education and awareness, enrollment and availing the benefits of the Ayushman Bharat schemes. Rural respondents have received more benefits than urban respondents. Enrolment in Ayushman Bharat leads to significant reductions in annual healthcare expenditure. This suggests that PM-JAY helps reduce out-of-pocket healthcare costs, making medical services more affordable to unorganised construction workers. On average, respondents reported a moderately positive perception regarding the shift of their healthcare utilization from informal to formal channels due to PM-JAY.

Green English Language Teaching and EFL Textbooks: Fostering Environmental Consciousness in Language Education

Dr. Esaya Britto Raphael, Shree Lekha Nandanan — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Eco-consciousness logically demands that greater focus needs to be placed on fostering such awareness through education. Language education provides great opportunities to integrate and develop environmental consciousness. This research paper investigates the possibility and the necessity for integration of environmental consciousness into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching practices and textbooks, aiming to contribute to the growing field of Green English Language Teaching (GELT). For the purpose of this study, 16 EFL textbooks were analyzed to identify the extent of environmental content and propose strategies for enhancing eco-awareness within language classrooms and then, a mixed method survey was conducted among EFL teachers to understand their perception and aptitude towards the principles of GELT and their implementation in language classrooms. This paper explores the potential impact of incorporating environmental themes and sustainable practices into language education, examining the benefits, challenges, and implications for educators, learners, and textbook developers.

Evaluation of essays on ‘Aaso ma Ughadto Ashadh’ by Yagnesh Dave

Mittal K. Nayi — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

Thus, looking at the entire collection of essays 'Aaso ma Ughadto Ashadh', Yagnesh Dave's journey as an essayist has become a new Chilo Chatarari instead of becoming an 'Eel Macchi Sami' - as Radheshyam Sharma says. The rich vocabulary of the author imbues the language of these essays with variety, while the style of the essays dissolves the gap between the creator and the audience. The twenty-five essays of this collection of essays have a diverse world of values and sensibilities, as well as a variety of places and events. In these essays, Yajnesh Dave depicts the material world along with the mysteries of life and the subtle movements of nature and hence there is a sense of continuity in these essays. In this collection of essays, Yajnesh Dave has tried to convey the experience he has gained in his life from an artistic point of view to the soul and that is why the essays of 'Aaso ma Ughadto Ashadh' make Yajnesh Dave a powerful essayist of the new generation.

Abstract in Gujarati Language: આમ, 'આસોમાં ઊઘડતો અષાઢ' એ સમગ્ર નિબંધસંગ્રહ જોતાં યજ્ઞેશ દવેની નિબંધકાર તરીકેની યાત્રા રાધેશ્યામ શર્મા કહે છે તેમ 'ઈલ માછલી સમી’- પ્રવાહપતિત બનવાને બદલે નવો ચીલો ચાતરનારી બની છે. સર્જકનું સમૃદ્ધ શબ્દભંડોળ આ નિબંધોની ભાષાને અનેકરંગી ભાત સાથે ઉપસાવે છે તો નિબંધોની શૈલી સર્જક – ભાવક વચ્ચેના અંતરને ઓગાળી દે છે. આ નિબંધસંગ્રહના પચ્ચીસ નિબંધોમાં ભાવો તથા સંવેદનાઓનું વૈવિધ્યસભર જગત છે સાથે સ્થળ અને પ્રસંગો આદિમાં પણ વિવિધતા છે. આ નિબંધોમાં યજ્ઞેશ દવે વસ્તુજગતની સાથે જીવનની રહસ્યમયતા અને પ્રકૃતિની સૂક્ષ્મ ગતિવિધિઓને પણ આલેખે છે અને આથી જ આ નિબંધોમાં સાતત્યનો અનુભવ થાય છે. આ નિબંધસંગ્રહમાં યજ્ઞેશ દવેએ પોતાના જીવનમાં જે અનુભવ પ્રાપ્ત કર્યા છે તેને કલાત્મક પુરુષાર્થથી ભાવક સુધી પહોંચાડવાનો પ્રયત્ન કર્યો છે અને તેથી જ 'આસોમાં ઊઘડતો અષાઢ’ ના નિબંધો યજ્ઞેશ દવેને નવી પેઢીના સશક્ત નિબંધકાર ઠેરવે છે.

Keywords: ગુજરાત લલિત નિબંધકારો, પ્રકૃતિ નિરીક્ષણ, યજ્ઞેશ દવે, પ્રકૃતિ, પ્રકૃતિ ચિત્રણ, નિબંધ વિષયો

Study of loans distributed by District Cooperative Bank and Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank

P. P. Purwar — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

The basic principle of cooperation is- “One for all and all for one”. An institution formed with the spirit of cooperation is called a cooperative society. A cooperative society is a voluntary organization of people who meet each other for the purpose of helping each other. The nature of this society is socio-economic. World famous thinker Plato has said “Our own good lies in the good of others”. Therefore, the members of the cooperative society help each other on the basis of savings and investment. Its members are generally economically weak and middle-class people. The bank which is established with the contribution of these members is called a cooperative bank.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

सहकारिता का मूल सिद्धान्त है- ‘‘एक सबके लिए और सब एक के लिए’’। सहकारिता की भावना से बनी संस्था सहकारी समिति कहलाती है। सहकारी समिति व्यक्तियों का ऐसा ऐच्छिक संगठन है जो एक-दूसरे की सहायता के उद्देश्य से आपस में मिलते हैं। इस समिति की प्रकृति सामाजिक-आर्थिक होती है। विश्व प्रसिद्ध चिन्तक प्लेटो ने कहा है ‘‘दूसरों की भलाई में स्वयं अपनी भलाई निहित है’’। अतः सहकारी समिति के सदस्य बचत और विनियोग को आधार मानकर एक-दूसरे की सहायता करते हैं। इसके सदस्य साधारण रूप में आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर और मध्यम वर्ग के लोग होते हैं। इन सदस्यों के अंशदान से जिस बैंक की स्थापना होती है उसे सहकारी बैंक कहते हैं।

Keywords: मुद्रा एवं वित्तीय प्रणालियाँ

Police Action against Violent Theft Crimes (Study at Central Lombok Police)

I Gede Adi Utama, Amiruddin, Ufran — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

This research aims to analyze the role of the police in violent theft crimes. The research method used is this research is empirical legal research. The approaches used are a legislative approach, a legal sociology approach, a legal anthropology approach. Research results on the Role of the Police in Violent Theft Crimes The police have an important role in realizing security and comfort in social life, the police are an institution that protects society in all social conditions. The role of the police can be said to be a very important aspect of their position which is related to their role as protectors of the community. By means of outreach, patrolling every post, and guarding areas that are prone to criminal acts. Factors That Cause Violent Theft Crimes (Study at Central Lombok Police). According to the author, there are 2 environmental factors, namely the perpetrator's family environment and the perpetrator's social environment. These two factors both play an important role in determining a person's mentality and behavior. A child who is taught good behavior in his family but who associates with a lawbreaker, for example a drunkard, tends to commit the same violations with his friends.

Application of 5C Principles in Fintech Financing Agreements Reviewed according to Indonesian Positive Law

Akbar Muhamad Teland, Djumardin, Abdul Atsar — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 -0400

This research aims to analyze form of regulation of the 5C principles in Fintech financing according to applicable positive law. To analyze the form of legal protection for customers who carry out fintech financing. By using normative legal research methods. Research results The form of regulation of the 5C principles in Fintech financing according to applicable positive law is contained in various regulations consisting of Article 29 paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of Law no. 10 of 1998, Article 26 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law, Bank Indonesia Regulation no. 13/25/PBI/2011 concerning Prudential Principles for Commercial Banks, Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 14/2/PBI/2012 concerning the Implementation of Card Payment Instruments, Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 19/12/PBI/2017 concerning the Implementation of Financial Technology, Financial Services Authority Regulation no. 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services, and Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 37/POJK.04/2018 concerning Crowdfunding Services Through Information Technology-Based Share Offerings ( Equity Crowdfunding) . Forms of legal protection for customers who carry out fintech financing. There are two forms of legal protection, namely preventive legal protection consisting of legal protection for users of fintech services, especially online lending and borrowing. Before a dispute occurs, preventive measures can be taken by the lending and borrowing service providers. online based. The organizer's efforts before a dispute occurs are to apply the basic principles of legal protection for service users. These principles are regulated in Article 29 POJK Number 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Online Money Lending and Borrowing Services, including the principles of transparency, fair treatment, reliability, success and data security, and simple, fast, user dispute resolution. and affordable costs and means of repressive legal protection, to resolve disputes that have occurred. This legal protection can only be implemented after a dispute arises, such as administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions if there is negligence committed by the Fintech institution. Disputes in online money lending and borrowing services can occur between users and other users or between users and service providers.