Status of Organic Farming in Odisha

Abstract

Organic farming is increasingly recognized as a sustainable alternative to conventional agriculture, emphasizing ecological balance, biodiversity conservation, and reduced dependence on chemical inputs. In India, the promotion of organic agriculture is gaining momentum through various policy frameworks and institutional support mechanisms. Odisha, a primarily agrarian state with diverse agro-climatic zones and a high proportion of small and marginal farmers, holds considerable potential for organic farming. This study aims to assess the current status of organic farming in Odisha with three core objectives: (1) to examine the extent and spread of organic farming across the state; (2) to analyze the economic viability of organic practices compared to conventional methods through cost-benefit analysis; and (3) to propose appropriate policy measures for the sustainable expansion of organic agriculture. The findings reveal a growing but regionally concentrated adoption of organic farming, especially in tribal districts like Kandhamal, Koraput, and Rayagada. Organic farming has shown higher profitability in selected crops such as turmeric and millets due to reduced input costs and premium market prices, despite marginally lower yields. Government schemes like the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) and the Odisha Millet Mission (OMM) have significantly contributed to the promotion of organic farming practices. However, the sector still faces several challenges, including certification hurdles, inadequate market access, and limited farmer awareness. The study concludes that strategic interventions—such as decentralizing certification, strengthening Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), and integrating organic value chains—are essential for the wider adoption and long-term sustainability of organic farming in Odisha.