Impact of Pond Rejuvenation on Groundwater Recharge in Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study from Haryana, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2026.v11.n05.021Keywords:
Groundwater recharge, Haryana, India, Pond conservation, Pond rejuvenation, Water Resource ManagementAbstract
Groundwater depletion has emerged as a critical issue in Haryana, India, primarily due to unsustainable agricultural practices and rapid urbanization. This paper explores the critical issue of groundwater depletion in Haryana, India, emphasizing the role of pond conservation and rejuvenation as a sustainable solution for enhancing groundwater recharge. The overexploitation of groundwater in Haryana which is primarily driven by water-intensive agricultural practices and rapid urbanization has led to alarming depletion rates particularly in regions reliant on tube wells for irrigation. The status of groundwater in Haryana is critical with average depletion rates showing a decline of over 10 meters in many districts since 1974 that clearly denotes the unsustainable extraction practices that have outpaced natural recharge in the state. Groundwater is vital for Haryana serving as the primary source for irrigation, which supports the state's agricultural sector. Additionally, the increasing urbanization and the diversifying economy also creates a huge demand for water. Given the region's arid climate and limited surface water resources, groundwater acts as a reliable source of water. In light of the growing water demand and declining groundwater levels, the sustainable management of this resource is crucial for ensuring long-term water security and ecological balance in Haryana. The study highlights the significance of ponds traditionally known as 'johads' as vital components of the hydrological cycle that can effectively replenish groundwater reserves and mitigate water scarcity. The study identifies challenges such as pollution and encroachment that threaten these water bodies and discusses ongoing conservation initiatives like the 'Mission Amrit Sarovar.' The findings underscore the need for a multi-faceted approach that includes strong policy enforcement, community involvement, and educational campaigns to ensure the sustainability of ponds and groundwater resources. Haryana can enhance its groundwater recharge potential by expanding the strategies of conservation and rejuvenation of ponds thereby ensuring water security and strengthening ecological resilience in the face of growing water demands.
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